RADIOMETRY
Gamma-ray radiometry consists of mapping the natural concentration of radioactive isotopes present in nature (Potassium-40, Uranium-238, and Thorium-232).
Gamma rays are very high-frequency (highly energetic) electromagnetic waves emitted by the nuclei of certain isotopes during their spontaneous decay process. They have shorter wavelengths than other types of electromagnetic emissions, such as X-rays, and therefore exhibit lower penetration capacity.
In nature, only a limited number of isotopes are capable of emitting gamma rays. During the radioactive decay of these elements, gamma radiation is released and can be detected using specialized instruments known as scintillometers.
By measuring gamma-ray emissions, it is possible to estimate the natural concentrations of Potassium, Uranium, and Thorium at a specific point. Collecting data along a grid makes it possible to generate concentration maps of these elements, which are extremely useful in geological studies and mineral exploration.
Applications in Mineral Exploration
The presence of radioactive substances in rocks can be used in the search for mineral deposits containing uranium, thorium, and potassium.
It is employed in geological mapping and in the identification of outcropping bodies enriched with radioactive minerals of economic interest, which are indicative of various types of intrusive rocks, as well as the presence of potassic and hydrothermal alteration.
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