MAGNETIC
Ground Magnetometry
MAPPING OF ANOMALIES
The objective of geomagnetic surveys is to detect subtle variations in the Earth’s magnetic field in order to identify subsurface bodies with distinctive magnetic properties.
Magnetic surveys are frequently applied in archaeology, in the detection of oil and gas pipelines, buried storage tanks, abandoned steel deposits, unidentified objects, and unexploded ordnance. All of these bodies are detected through the magnetic anomalies they generate.
This method is widely used in archaeological and environmental studies, as it allows for the delineation of waste disposal areas and landfill boundaries. It is also employed in geological studies, providing valuable information to define faults or igneous intrusions.
In a magnetic survey, measurement points are distributed along profiles at regular intervals. Modern magnetometers allow for data collection with excellent precision, as they incorporate differential GPS.
When producing magnetic anomaly maps, temporal variations in the Earth’s magnetic field must be considered. The most significant of these components is usually the diurnal variation. This can be corrected by repeatedly measuring at the same reference station at regular intervals. Once all corrections have been applied, the data obtained from the magnetic survey can be presented either as individual profiles or as contour maps.
Applications in Mineral Exploration
Identification of iron ore deposits and ferromagnetic formations with associated gold mineralization, linked to magnetic minerals (Cu, Fe, Au), skarn-type deposits, and porphyries.
Prospecting for chromite and manganese.
Detection of sulfide occurrences associated with magnetite and/or pyrrhotite.
Identification of kimberlite veins, asbestos, and placer deposits.
Geological mapping of rock units exhibiting magnetic susceptibility contrasts.
Structural mapping (faults, fractures, shear zones, folds).
Mineral exploration through delineation of hydrothermal alteration zones (copper porphyries).
Exploration of deposits associated with bedrock topography (stratiform Pb-Zn deposits, uranium in sedimentary-conglomerate formations).
3D Inversion Modeling of Magnetic Data
Determination of the location and depth of ferrous bodies.
Maps of Total Magnetic Field, Reduction to the Pole, and Analytic Signal.
The color distribution is as follows: high magnetic values in magenta-red, moderate magnetism in yellow to green, and low magnetism in blue.
Processing of Magnetic and Potential Field Data
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